Having a master degree may help to get a job, especially in some countries where still is more important the title as the experience (what still shocks me). But in my experience a PhD will not help you necessarily to earn more money, or get a job faster. It may influence the kind of job you can get tough.
What title it is, is not so important. In many countries the names of the titles are very different. In some there is no EE and CS just as you know them from the US. In some companies they still insist in you presenting the grades of all your studies, and recommendation letters. Luckily this is decaying, but still present. So, sometimes it is better to opt for courses where you can get better grades, and jobs where you get better recommendation letters.
The question of where to get the master, depends: if the master is for you just "a means to get a job" make it where it is cheaper (probably Europe). If you really want to learn CS, I would stay in the US. At least where I am, the level of CS teaching in Universities is not as good as in the US (at least my limited sample of known people/universities).
Last but not least, in my experience, people graduated in the US, also when not in the best universities, are well seen.