I linked threads on LKML that are directly relevant to this subject, about how this (system becomes nonresponsive under memory pressure) is a real problem that people really experience, with a lot of people agreeing that it is a problem and suggesting various mitigations. Most of those ideas presuppose that memory pressure leads to stalls and are about figuring out how to detect when the system is stalled and making no progress and killing processes after it has gone on for a while (often with userspace daemons). I think MGLRU is maybe getting merged in linux 6.x and will hopefully help avoid the stalls.

you linked a list of all CVEs in macOS. I don't see how this is relevant at all.