And then there is bloat, the scourge of JavaScript frameworks and what passes for front-end development nowadays.
It keeps getting worse.
When I do web app security assessments, I end up with a logfile of all requests/responses made during browsing a site.
The sizes of these logfiles have ballooned over the past few years, even controlling for site complexity.
Many megabytes of JS shit, images, etc being loaded and often without being cached properly (so they get reloaded every time).
A lot of it is first party framework bloat (webdev active choices), but a lot is third party bloat - all the adtech and other garbage that gets loaded every time (also without cacheing) for analytics and tracking.
This is also amusing from a change management process at large organizations: want to tweak an Apache setting? Spend a month getting CAB approval and wait for a deployment window.
Want to inject unreviewed JavaScript onto every page in the domain? Login to Adobe…
Economists and lawmakers have determined that the economic benefits of personalization accrue to the ad middlemen like Google, not to the publishers who have to encumber their sites with all the surveillance beacons, but the reality of the market is publishers have no leverage. That said, most of those beacons are set with the async/defer attribute and should not have a measurable on page load speed.
Here are two sources which I found useful at that time https://broadbandlibrary.com/5g-low-latency-requirements/ https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/we-need-talk-low-latency-dean...
Still, it's important that latency is top of mind for the designers of 5G, as it gets short shrift far too often.