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If you want to minimize latency - you got for busy waiting. It's a common thing for HFT

Not just while(true) busy wait, running the hot path continuously and keeping the 'actually send packet' flag unset. Gotta keep them caches hot.

Or, busy wait in a hardware state using MONITOR / MWAIT

My memory is hazy, but I remember busy-waiting being a common theme in that code. There was no sleep. I didn't sleep either.