A really small example of this is postal codes in Canada. For a long time the norm was to put a hyphen between the two clusters: A1B-2C3 but then at some point a lot of websites decided that's bad and they started rejecting it, often with really obtuse messages. This is just annoying and no one is really well served by it. Canada post doesn't care.
And that's not even getting into 0 vs O and the fact that yelling at the user for entering the wrong one is rarely helpful.
I think most of the time the better thing to do is attempt to normalize and ask the user if the normalization is correct. For a numeric thing like a phone number this is probably stripping out non-numbers (other than + at the start) and putting hyphens back in and validating the number of digits you get back, and presenting it to the user if it differs. More work but feels way less hostile to the user.