I actually really struggled with this when taking a class learning to ride a motorcycle. The instructor kept trying to instill this over complicated explanation and mnemonics like "go left look left push left lean left" and IMHO it required way too much mental processing to just say "turn like a bicycle" Eventually after a few go rounds I realized he was just trying to explain that process and I just discarded all of the explanations and just did what came naturally (aside from the look part- that's actually immensely powerful and useful- just look where you want to go and avoid "target fixation").

Some things, just doing them and getting a natural feel is 100x if not more, useful than tons of theory and explanations.

Here in the Netherlands kids learn to ride a bike on little two wheeled wooden bikes, that they start to “glide” on. It’s a nice system that gets them right into learning how a real bike behaves.

I don't think I've ever heard of training wheels at literal ground level when the bike is upright -- what would even be the point? It's basically a tricycle, like you say.

When I've seen them, they've been at least an inch or two above, which (coupled with telling the child that the game is to prevent them touching the ground) would seem to mitigate this problem while still effectively preventing falls.