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None of those snippets contain a ternary operator.

?? is the Null Coalescing Operator[1]

?-> is the nullsafe operator[2]

Oh my mistake. Still stuff like 'return a || b' is the kind of thing I see in JS way more than in PHP codebases

Probably because the Boolean operators in JS return the left or right side of the expression, rather than a Boolean.

It was an okay-ish way to get a default/fallback value before JS got a proper coalescing operator.