Adobe Photoshop: Counterfeit deterrence system
helpx.adobe.com
helpx.adobe.com
https://twitter.com/taviso/status/902997594460135424
I had planned to see if I could come up with an image that would still be detected even with significant distortion, and then print it on a t-shirt... The idea being you couldn't open a photograph of me in PhotoShop! :)
I got sidetracked, but I should get back to that.
Medium size patch defeats/confuses person recognition: https://towardsdatascience.com/avoiding-detection-with-adver...
Anti-facial recognition mask: https://towardsdatascience.com/fooling-facial-detection-with...
Reflective anti-paparazzi scarf which washes out the wearer's face: https://theishu.com/pages/frequently-asked-questions
Clothing intended to trigger and pollute license plate detection systems: https://adversarialfashion.com/
My original goal was to wear it for official documentation, but that went less well. It was cut off in my drivers license photo, and I forget why, but I never ended up wearing it for passport photos.
A face tattoo, on the other hand...
Reminds me of the old t-shirts people sold back when the encryption key for blu-ray was cracked.
I just hold up my middle finger directly in front of my face.
However before I did I wanted to keep a permanent record of it so I scanned it in the highest resolution I had available (2400dpi) and processed it in an early version of Photoshop.
There were some herringbone issues which I resolved and I ended up with a truly stunning TIF image of approximately 900MB.
I never attempted to print it out as my printer was pretty mediocre and I was aware that it, like all modern printers, had anti-counterfeiting measures.
I don't know whether I was just lucky with that combination of scanner and Photoshop version. Anyway, as I mentioned the results were spectacular. Here's a low resolution image of said note (click on image for a larger size):
[0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/EURion_constellation#Usage
Might be a good idea to obtain few mint ones and stash them away just in case they don't stick around all that long.
Redesign likely has already been done.
My understanding is that they are in no great rush to remove ER II notes/coins from circulation, but that all newly minted currency will bear Charles III.
There's also a great joke doing the rounds that most notes already have Charlie on them anyway.
Would you care to elaborate? This joke went over my head.
In Britain, there's a meme that some high proportion of banknotes have been used as straws to snort cocaine.
Given the change of monarch, the Elizabeth II/Turing note would be expected to remain in service and follow its normal life cycle (whatever the UK deems that to be) but come replenishment time it will automatically be replaced with a new Charles III note.
Essentially, if the UK follows normal precedent then no more Elizabeth II/Turing £50s (with the possible exception of uncirculated stock) will enter service. That is, they'll soon become rare, especially so new uncirculated ones.
Again, if the UK follows tradition then the 'components' of the new note will have likely been in the design phase for quite some time. I'd bet that various designs of the new King's bust already exist and are now awaiting the King's final approval.
Thus, if I wanted a mint condition £50 or for that matter any note of current issue then I'd be on the immediate hunt right now.
Coins are totally different, they remain in circulation indefinitely. The exception of course was when the currency changed with decimalisation, old coins no longer represented useable values of currency so countries such as NZ, UK and Australia were forced to remove all LSD coins and notes from circulation with the change of currency.
Those of us who were around in the pre-decimal era were used to seeing coins with every† monarch on them back to Victorian times. It's why I've still got boxes of pennies and halfpennies with Victoria's bust on them.
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† Of course, Edward VIII excepted, although some uncirculated coins with his bust on them do exist (and they're now extremely value). The fact that they do is evidence for what I said above about the preparation of new currency being well in hand well before the actual event.
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Edit: FYI: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIII_coins.
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/17/rare-coin-featuring-king-edw...
Note the value!
Over the next 70 years, the designs were changed to include Elizabeth -- although only in 1981 for the £50 note.
> come replenishment time it will automatically be replaced with a new Charles III note
Yes, almost certainly.
> no more Elizabeth II/Turing £50s (with the possible exception of uncirculated stock) will enter service
No, it's not a given that more notes of Series G won't be printed. Changing banknotes is much more disruptive than changing one side of the coins, and there will not yet have been enough £50 notes printed to keep good-quality notes in circulation for 10-20 years.
My guess is the BoE will continue to print the existing £50 for at least 5 more years, probably 10, and possibly 20 more years (given the high denomination). We might see a £5 note with Charles in 2025-2027 or so.
A quick look at eBay the listings range from ~500 EUR to ~2000 EUR. But what they actually sell for is what matters.
Nevertheless I'd managed to keep the note for the better part two years before I exchanged it at a Commonwealth Bank in Australia for which I recall I received around $730 AUD (roughly $500 USD).
Whilst the note has no monetary value today (having been superseded by the Euro), a keen notaphilist would pay about $3,300 AUD for a note in the same excellent condition as mine. That's roughly 4.5 times the amount I exchanged it for some 20 years ago.
Incidentally, I obtained the note in exchange for five 1,000† schilling notes at a Creditanstalt Bank in Vienna. At the time I'd seen the 5000 schilling banknote but never possessed one but after seeing a teller unwrap a brand new bundle of them I asked him to exchange one for me.
It's worth noting that at the time I'd never been so close to so much money in my whole life - nor have I ever been since.
The bank notes were clearly visible, they were stored immediately behind the teller so that he had immediate access to them whenever he turned around to face them. They were tightly stacked horizontally on top of each other in a row of vertical U-shaped storage channels arranged by ascending denomination (e.g.: 10, 50 ...5000) with their narrow side facing outwards.
I cannot recall the exact height of the channels but likely each was 30 to 50cm tall. In effect, the teller had wall of money behind him. How much money there was I'd hardly even be able to guess. The largest denomination was 5000 schillings - you figure it out, how much money would there be in a stack of tightly-packed, freshly-minted 5000 schilling notes some 30/50 cm heigh? A damn lot, more money than I'll ever own.
I found the whole scene sureal, especially the casual way the teller would turn around and grab notes from the stacks with one hand whenever he wanted them whilst simultaneously holding a cigarette in the other.
The Viennese are a trusting lot, I could never imagine a situation like that ever existing from where I come from.
My interest in possessing the banknote was multifold, the note was beautiful and I wanted to examine it closely, that was heightened by the fact that on its obverse side it had a bust of one of the greatest composers who ever lived and whose music I love - Mozart; and finally, printed notes use the finest printing technology available anywhere and examining then carefully gives one an insight into how such high quality printing is done. I also find it fascinating to compare the different approaches and technologies that various countries use in the printing of their currencies.
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† BTW, the 1000 schilling notes I used to obtain the 5000 schilling note is also of considerable interest, not only is it also a beautiful note but on its obverse side it has a bust of the famous quantum physicist Erwin Schrödinger - of Schrödinger's equation fame along with his infamous cat!
I still possess several of these notes in mint condition along with others including the excellent 50 schilling note that's magenta in color which has a bust of Sigmund Freud on it.
In my opinion this series of Austrian banknotes is one of the best ever designed (by that I mean from an artistic perspective - not its technology).
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Edit/Update:
Here's the Sigmund Freud banknote: https://www.banknotes.com/at149.htm
And the Erwin Schrödinger one is here: https://www.banknotes.com/at152.htm
Thank you for sharing an interesting story with us.
Anyone knows what it signifies?
I went back to Adobe Stock and read the user comments on that particular image. There were a lot of irritated comments, mostly asking why Adobe doesn't warn people that the shot can't be used in Photoshop.
Here is the shot:
https://as1.ftcdn.net/v2/jpg/00/73/03/66/1000_F_73036638_40D...
You cannot make counterfeit currency with Photoshop. Paper money has security features that won't even convert to pixels in the first place, like holograms, transparencies and fibers embedded in the paper and such, never mind reproduce by conventional printing.
This whole deterrence system is idiotic.
People who accept an obviously fake printed copy of a banknote basically deserve it; it goes with their collection of wooden nickels.
Define "obviously". Black and white on copy paper? Sure. But color ink, on paper of the right color and feel? That's different. Forget the fibers and the holograms--we're not worried about people printing $20s and $100s to buy a high-end TV. It's singles and fives for groceries and household essentials that are the real pull. If a cashier is handed three fives and seven ones and has to spend two seconds scrutinizing each bill because one in ten people are trying to pass counterfeits they printed at home, that's going to slow things down.
Someone pulling off right color and feel is not going to be stopped by CBCDG's crusade to put some nonsense into Adobe Photoshop.
That said, I agree that Photoshop should not have this code. It’s on the Photoshop user to not be an asshole. That shouldn’t be Adobe’s problem.
The paper is the most instantaneously obvious to me - https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/moolah/anatomypaper.html - just think how different real money is from Monopoly money when handled.
With COVID it seems that more cashiers are wearing rubber gloves. Do rubber gloves substantially diminished the tactile advantage of real currency? Hopefully not as it would be easy to pick these softer targets from a safe distance.
The paper has an interesting bit of history too - https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/crane-has-pr...
Well then perhaps that should be the cost of employing people with minimum training for minimum wages. No sympathy.
If Adobe doesn’t want to facilitate counterfeiting, that’s their prerogative, regardless of their ineffectiveness in stopping crime that is beyond their ability to control. Adobe can only control what they control, and this is that.
https://www.wired.com/2004/01/currency-detector-easy-to-defe...
Overwhelmingly transactions are digital, and for bigger stores self checkouts are used. If the problem was significant then cash registers can easily handle the bills and automatically scan them as self checkouts do. I would presume the level of fraud isn't even high enough to the cost of that hardware.
The only way I've really seen people check medium denomination ($10s, $20s, $50s) bills is via an iodine pen test which would react to starch in regular paper but is un-reactive on real bills which are actually printed on a fabric-based material. For large denominations ($100s) many places just don't accept them...
For decades the US money has been substandard compared to what other developed countries use.
By comparison US dollars are like cheapskate Monopoly money, given the colours of the notes are the same.
Cheques and hand written signatures for credit card purchases have survived far too long in the US, the French had PIN in shops in the 1980's with nobody complaining about the lack of bounced cheques with forged signatures.
Please fill me on the cultural differences I am missing. Why does the US have a currency that seems practically designed for forgery and smuggling?
That link also contains an account of the problems someone faced when using that technique.
> The effectiveness of the pens may be affected by external methods. Simply having a banknote pass through laundry, depending on the soaps and bleaches used, can cause a bill to fail the test when it is otherwise accepted.
A counter example is the uk pound, when the uk moved to the decimal pound all the shilling pound notes became invalid. so the us dollar system is older than the current uk pound.
This is easy to say from a position of privilege, but the people trying to pass fake banknotes will just find weak targets. In hurried situations, in the dark, to the elderly, disabled, preoccupied, etc.
The overwhelming majority of transactions are not even cash anymore. I would not throw around the word "privledged" like a triangle that fits in every hole. Or else it loses it's intended meaning.
Nothing here is hypothetical. Scams exist precisely because they do fool people. To say that people “deserve” to be scammed is either a statement made from a malice or from a disconnect of the reality of who falls victim to scams.
If someone has never even considered that someone’s disability (as one example) would make a person a target for a scam, then yes, I am very comfortable calling them privileged.
Sloppy counterfeiters aren’t passing off fake bills to rich educated bankers, they’re handing them off to people they think will fall for it. They’re looking for people who look like they’ll make easy victims. These people don’t deserve to be cheated.
That's what Adobe is trying to prevent. A sophisticated counterfeiter won't be deterred by some "ethics theatre" in Adobe Photoshop.
> In the last fiscal year, nearly 60 percent of the $88.7 million in counterfeit currency recovered in the U.S. was created using inkjet or laser printers, the Secret Service says.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-05-07/mom-with-...
Of course, Adobe is well aware that other image editing software exists. They did this not because they think they're going to save the world, they did it because:
> "As a market leader and a good corporate citizen, this just seems like the right thing to do,"
> This is not something that is ever going to be an ironclad thing that prevents all usage.
https://www.wired.com/2004/01/currency-detector-easy-to-defe...
Nobody deserves to be defrauded.
Many retail locations in the US hire young people to be cashiers. These people do not have the experience handling cash that older people have. They get almost zero training on what banknotes are supposed to look like. Despite it being illegal in most states to do so, when those cashiers accept a counterfeit bill, the store managers try to take the money out of the pay of those cashiers.
My dad had macular degeneration. Towards the end of his life, he had to depend on the large numbers on banknotes. By the time he died, he could no longer read them and had to use credit cards exclusively.
Spending real 2 dollar bills will freak some people out.
Some people just aren’t clued in.
It’s possible the lunch lady didn’t know, it’s possible she didn’t care, or it’s possible she knew exactly what she was doing.
Absolutely they don't. I get the point that one needs to look out for themselves, but if you say "people", you include the elderly and people with various impairments, and neither deserve to be treated like this.
Have you ever heard of decreased vision and impaired sensation? Should people with these disabilities be prohibited from working as cashiers?
Same goes for features like transparencies, watermarks, etc.
There's a couple firms who maintain reference catalogs for this sort of thing. At least one of them regularly asks for 300-dpi scans of new issues so they can keep the book (which is now basically a PDF released as a subscription) up to date.
Do restrictions like this even serve as a road bump for real counterfeiting operations? Or do they exist to create a sense of ubiquitous surveillance? To lower the general public’s baseline expectations for autonomy and privacy? To drop another anchor that can be used to justify unrelated intrusions in the future?
There's a joke about a famous prophet in there somewhere.
And I jest, but there's a point in my quip too:
Annoyingly getting in the way of creative workflows probably does very little to prevent actual counterfeiting in comparison to what it does to enhance the piety surrounding our increasingly digital origami deity.
Really dumb 'feature.'
As if anyone could print money at home that would work, and even if so somehow this will stop amateur counterfeiters.
Welll... I guess we did do that as pre-teens for $1 cookies. School found out obviously. Poor lady whose job that was I'm sure she got in trouble.
kids are assholes.
kids are assholes.
We used to basically destroy the paper so it felt 'used.' The first couple times sure just old as hell money. But i'm sure that lady had to have known when all the money looked like that!
They probably just want kids to have fun & get snacks.
But also I hate that we charge kids for meals in the first place.
The food should be free for all and much healthier and better quality.
Better off parents will still pay for their kids' meals regardless via taxes.
Or course, for our safety.
We just create ultimate dystopian society step by step. Of course because of our safety.
Do anyone actually belive that those "protection implementation" will reduce actual fraud? Criminals will use other tools anyway.
I don't use Apple products myself but if iCloud was part of the pathway, ie edit on iPad, only way to transfer is via iCloud....
This page confirms it was add in Photoshop CS (October 2003): https://gist.github.com/msikma/04bfae8670300a12c55937c3b61d6...
Edit: looks like the first CS. https://m.slashdot.org/story/42050
For this particular example, Photoshop, an error message is displayed for currency detection. The first thing I would do is load up the executable and look for that particular string. If I'm lucky and there aren't many protections for the executable, I'll be in the right area for figuring out what to patch, or I'll at least know which code paths to start tracing.
The hard part is finding where that is. One approach is to start with the error string - find it in the file and put a memory-read breakpoint on it in the debugger. Trigger the error and capture the call stack - start working up the chain until you identify why that text was read, either the failure directly or a message passed to that thread - if it's a message, find what sent it and why.
This has never ever worked for me, unless it was some prepared example. There just never are any meaningful strings in the EXE.
source?
still same when it's low res, like 200x200px 72 dpi
https://murdoch.is/projects/currency/
"Further investigation showed that the detection performed by software is different from the system used in colour photocopiers, and the Eurion constellation is neither necessary nor sufficent, and in fact it probably is not even a factor."
It might be a different story if I would have generated a public share link. At least for Google I'm pretty sure they scan for copyrighted content with public links, so I assume they do currency checks.
This seems much easier to exploit though assuming some devices / applications will notify the FBI with enough suspicious activity. I guess it depends if counterfeiting is taken as seriously as CSAM.
I have old copies of Corel PhotoPaint that predate the introduction of the Euro; they can open and manipulate Euro images.
Also, Stable Diffusion is currently able to generate semi-realistic images of dollar banknotes.