Most of the time when people talk about western countries/civilization, they're not talking about Latin America, but rather about USA+western Europe, at least in my experience. Geographically it makes sense, and linguistically too. But culturally (debatable), alliances and wealth-wise not as much.
Linguistically? How so? Most of Western Europe doesn't speak a unified language. Many countries in Western Europe speak romance languages, one of them Spanish!
Geographically it's also dodgy. Is Australia not part of the West?
It's a bit arbitrary but everyone I've met uses "the West" to roughly mean anything west of mainland Russia, east of the international date line, and north of the Tropic of Cancer.
In Australia we refer to ourselves as part of the “western world” - despite the geography being nonsensical!
Unfortunately, Latin America is not considered the west by US and a lot of Europe. It shouldn't be hard to guess why.
Latin America is too brown to be from the west?
Argentina isn't very "brown".
Most of America doesn't know that. They equate Spanish with Mexico.
I mean most of Latin American is populated by descendent Spanish, and they have no issues with Spain being the “west” so I don’t think it’s race at all.