What surplus? 48% is less than half, isn't it?

So, another way of looking at it is - Germany is still producing most of its electricity from non-renewable sources. Adding nuclear, it's still ~40% from coal and gas [0]. So again, what surplus?

In contrast, France is producing ~70% of its electricity just from nuclear, with another ~19% from renewables.

Note that either way, the major energy expenditure that ties all of these countries to Russian gas is not electricity, it is heating.

[0] https://ourworldindata.org/energy/country/romania?country=DE...