America’s bad bet on sports gambling
compactmag.com
compactmag.com
TV, billboard, and other ads for gambling are rampant around here. I find it exploitative.
Regarding advertising you're spot on, although I'd go a step further and call for sweeping regulations in the entire advertising industry. Unless you move to a 21 souls settlement in Alaska and leave a hermit life, you literally can't spend five minutes without being bombarded by one or another ad.
It's really wonderful and when I go somewhere else and am bombarded by those ads I am reminded again how assaulting they are.
If you try sleeping on a pea-free mattress someday, perhaps you'll find that you appreciate the experience.
It's not obvious to me that all vices are created equal here. If forcing gambling underground creates a criminal empire or two but results in, say, 80% fewer gambling addicts who end up damaging their lives and those of their families, which is the larger harm? Fake numbers, obviously the benefits/harms would depend on several different factors, but I don't think a one size fits all approach makes sense because "illegal gambling gangs" didn't seem to cause the same sort of larger societal problems the last several decades that "illegal drug gangs" or prohibition-era alcohol gangs have. I would assume this is because the lack of a need for the same sort of supply chain that you could attempt to monopolize and dominate.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1088683/death-rate-rate-...
That's one disease. Booze causes all kinds of problems, and I wouldn't be surprised if (as another example) wife-beating sharply declined during prohibition.
(ED: Looking again at that graph, there's something a little dubious about it--but it was the first data I could find.)
My understanding is that drinking levels did not return to pre-Prohibition levels until the 1970s.
...and I'm fine with that.
Thomas Aquinas (1225-1275), "Whether it belongs to the human law to repress all vices?":
> […] Now possibility or faculty of action is due to an interior habit or disposition: since the same thing is not possible to one who has not a virtuous habit, as is possible to one who has. Thus the same is not possible to a child as to a full-grown man: for which reason the law for children is not the same as for adults, since many things are permitted to children, which in an adult are punished by law or at any rate are open to blame. In like manner many things are permissible to men not perfect in virtue, which would be intolerable in a virtuous man.
> Now human law is framed for a number of human beings, the majority of whom are not perfect in virtue. Wherefore human laws do not forbid all vices, from which the virtuous abstain, but only the more grievous vices, from which it is possible for the majority to abstain; and chiefly those that are to the hurt of others, without the prohibition of which human society could not be maintained: thus human law prohibits murder, theft and such like.
And people keep finding new ways to gamble, some of which are difficult to make illegal. It's fairly clear the stock market is an elaborate gambling system to some people.
I wish they'd ban adverting of state lotteries too. Those ads are the worst, most insulting, most idiotic. A celebration of mindless materialism and short-term thinking. These ads celebrate the fact that most lottery winners blow it all on stupid shit then end up back at square one a few years later. It's flagrant exploitation of the dimwitted; the least they could do is not flaunt it on huge billboards all across town.
Illegal businesses tend to branch out into other crimes, and to corrupt law enforcement. Both of those can end up affecting those nowhere near a place of gambling.
Unfortunately the rampant ads have the same effect; kids growing up now will see this all as normal and probably be worse off for it. This is a way in which culture is downstream from law.
If you ask me, gambling isn't the problem here; advertising is. Sure, people will always find a way to engage in vices, but something about exploiting our monkey brains to make those vices seem like the be all and end all always seems to have some pretty bad effects on society. Tie all the ills of the 20th century psychology-infused advertising with modern targeted advertising and you have a real disaster on your hands -- just be glad Joe Camel never got to stroll around the social networks of the 21st century.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct-to-consumer_advertising
I wonder if cases like this could be helped if he was introduced to those "savings-with-lottery-features" apps. I'll say longgame.co as an example(I've never used it and am not vouching for it, I know there are others out there as well)
It's really a shame. If he put that $50/week into a savings acct, that would be $2500 at the end of the year, which could pay for a nice week-long vacation for the family if they wanted to spend it on fun stuff and not reducing debt and other non-fun stuff.
Most current state lotteries have worse odds than the mafia numbers games they replaced.
Now, perhaps if you have the stores that sell lottery tickets footing that bill as a way of driving up traffic to their stores, I could see a case for this system existing. Still strange for the government I imagine, but I have seen bars use this sort of "no profit" gambling game just as a way to keep regulars coming. Pay $1 to roll 5 dice, if you get a yahtzee, you win whatever's in the pot (which is comprised of other folks' pay-ins), and perhaps things like 3 of a kind to get a second roll, full house to get a second roll free, etc. At the end of the day, the bar makes nothing, but it serves to habituate people going to THAT bar to grab their after work beer. Totally illegal where I've seen it, but likewise, not really hazardous enough for anyone to bat an eye about it either (the lotto machine or the booze itself was clearly the bigger vice).
That's a government office doing that.
I once had an BoA, on two occasions in a row, hold my payroll checks. I had a BoA acct and so did my employer.
For some reason I could cash my check, deposit the cash in my acct and have it be there immediately. But if I deposited the check it would be held.
Come to find out my employer did this constantly, on purpose, to give themselves more time to pay workers.
Owner lived on 5+ acres of prime land in Albuquerque, had another property in Santa Fe, and bled money and showed off with his company-name-painted year-of pace-car corvette... but pled poverty come payday.
American employers are a different kind of sociopathic leech.
Admittedly im in canada, so maybe its different - but holds are to protect the bank not the person who wrote the cheque. There wouldn't really be a benefit to the cheque writer here.
Again, had I cashed the checks, I would have been given my funds immediately and could have deposited them into my account and the funds were there instantly. But if I deposited the check it would be held for a week before being cleared.
Usually when you have an account at the bank the check is drawn against you get the check deposited immediately as if it were cash.
Somehow, or because my boss at the time was terrible with money, or because it was BoA, the checks would constantly be held- giving my employer time to make the check good, or whatever, then it would clear. This made me be paid a week late and gave him the few days to make good on the check.
I've also had an employer who was so bad with checks no one would cash them, not even the bank, it had to be deposited, even though it was a payroll check. That was back when everyone used checks though. That was probably late 90s.
The only time I had a good experience with a bank was at Chase, and only as a business customer. Had a geat relationship for years, then the minute I changed my account to a personal one everything turned sour.
Banks here in the US are so terrible kids these days prefer online banks like chime and cashapp.
1. you can write a check without having the funds in the account[1]
2. banks places a hold on check deposits
3. you can cash a check at the issuing bank
If you deposit the check into your account, it goes through the normal check deposit/clearing process, which involves a holding period. This applies to all check deposits. It's probably true that writing a check gives your boss a few extra days to come up with the cash, although realistically speaking that only gives you a day or two. I doubt he's conspiring with BoA to deprive you of your money. You brought up the BoA class action lawsuit to support your case, but that actually goes against your case. If your boss didn't have the money in the account, it would be in BoA's interest to process the checks as soon as possible so they can charge your boss overdraft fees.
It's quite possible it was negligence, but that still doesn't explain why I could (and did!) cash the same check and get my money instantly, which could then be instantly deposited and be available in my account, but if I deposited the same check it would be held.
This wasn't a normal practice, I for years had my bank account matching my. employer's to get paid ASAP. Even DD will go faster if both accounts are at the same bank.
With that employer (Don Coss PH&C), and only one prior (STCS Beverage), had issues getting checks cashed. Of all the jobs and locations I've worked in since I was 15,only those two had any issues this bad with payroll. Both bosses/companies cut every corner possible and based on past info neither deserved the benefit of the doubt, but anything is possible.
5% unbanked https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/household-survey/index.html
Personally, I like having the paystub to go over and find the mistakes that are commonly made. You'd be amazed at how 'accounting professionals' can mess up basic arithmetic
Social media, student loans for example. What about fast food or alcohol?
Payday loans, corporate advertising, video game addictions, pornography addictions.
Does the government need to play a larger role in all these areas? It’s probably not hard to put together a compelling piece on the damage of bad parenting, perhaps the government should also have a larger role there? I argue it’s deeply irresponsible and even immoral to buy a flashy car if you can’t adequately provide for your kids, should we legislate that?
It’s not clear to me that gambling is any more dangerous than anything listed above.
It seems every week an article like this comes out and the immediate reaction is to legislate it out of existence, it’s terrifying to see how quickly people (especially a more educated audience on HN) are willing to legislate things they don’t like.
However, there's a peculiar thing with gambling where it exploits the difficult economic realities underlying the rest of America's infrastructure.
The government already does limit bad parenting. Probably not the level you're talking about, but social services will step in if they believe kids are being abused. Personally, I think the government should do more to ensure kids have more options for peer and adult social contact outside of their cloistered nuclear family, and ditto for new mothers, and that that would help with bad parenting a great deal.
Payday loans are a big problem. People should be able to declare bankruptcy to remove predatory loans.
Fast food is causing real dietary problems. I do think we should do more to ensure people understand how what they're eating affects them. Putting nutrition information on food was a good step, and maybe we can come up with more improvements.
For sports gambling and gambling in general, I believe that anyone behind on their child support should be banned from gambling. I also believe that people should be able to put themselves on a "banned" list with a 1 month waiting period to be able to take themselves off.
Legislation gave us clean air and water, buildings that fall down much less, a monetary system that evaporates peoples' savings much less, food that isn't poisonous, schools that spread less disease, safer cars that use less gas, more power efficient homes, and on and on and on. So yes, the educated audience on HN does want to solve problems with rules and incentives.
I'm very against knee-jerk bans without any real thought. However, the idea that legislative solutions are always bad is equally stupid. Legislation has fixed many very real problems, and used properly, is a good tool for fixing future issues too.
Individual liberty and responsibility has always been a tough sell, but it’s still worth encouraging. Taken to its logical conclusion, no one would even be able to raise their kids given the risks to the children from a bad parent - much safer to give all children straight to the government to raise safely. After all, if even a single child is abused by a terrible parent, isn’t that too many?
As far as the gambling, drugs, porn, excess shopping, and other bad habits go though, yes, any attempt to rein these in usually results in a treatment that is worse than the disease.
Forgive me if I don't want a government that spends a trillion+ dollars a year on endless war to be the moral arbiter of what behaviors adults are allowed to engage in.
People forgot why Sports Betting was first outlawed (Black Soxs). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Sox_Scandal This will not end well.
In the 1930's, Finance Law were passed to reel in abuses, since the late 90s, these laws were whittled down and we had 2008. New, weaker laws passed and as of now most are gone.
So seems to prove, if people do not read and understand history, they are dommed to repeat the past mistakes.
If you drink ethanol all your life you may get cirrhosis of the liver and have elevated risks for other diseases, but if you drink even a small amount of pure methanol you’ll go blind or die.
So alcohol prohibition decreases chronic disease due to less ethanol consumption, but increases acute disease due to more accidental methanol consumption. At least in populations that don’t already have strong cultural norms against alcohol consumption.
Many other vices have this duality of harm, but alcohol’s is particularly one-sided.
It doesn't mean we shouldn't let people do it. "Free solo" or whatever it is where people climb without ropes - it's incredibly stupid and we should let people do it. Same for racing fast cars and so on and so on.
This would be a good argument if alcohol just harmed the people who use it. Unfortunately, the negative affects are wide-ranging, severely affecting many people who do not ever use alcohol. Many of the people that alcohol harms never picked any poison at all.
There is no good choice here.
Ken Burns did a good doc on Prohibition in the US:
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_(miniseries)
The societal problems that the then-new process of distilling caused were enormous. Previously the strongest drinks were beer (<8%) and wine (<20%), but with high-proof spirits people got into all sorts of problems.
Humans/society eventually adapted, but the intervening decades had a lot of people suffering.
As an aside, I’m surprised book makers exist in the age of betting exchanges. Why pay the book maker a cut when you can place a bet with a counter party directly?
While gambling can be addicting, I don't think the correct response is to make it illegal. Perhaps there should be more regulation regarding the amount you can wager within a year, but keeping things underground is IMO worse for society.
There's no house edge when it comes to investing (especially in the days of $0 commissions), and if you're talking securities rather than derivative contracts, usually, if you lose, you don't lose your entire bet. And meanwhile, closely tracking your companies to see what's worth buying is bound to be more educational than tracking stats for an athlete, as it turns out, learning the ins and outs of how companies work can teach you about jobs that exist that you never knew about.
You almost need to be taught a good amount about gambling to see just how different thoughtful investing is from actual gambling (particularly when hearing folks less educated equate the two).
For gambling, you could limit how long a person stays inside a casino over a period of time, limit how many bets they place over a period of time, or how much money they lose. Yeah, it’s a little nanny state-ish in the case of gambling, but there’s clearly some social harm going on there that states recognize by already controlling gambling.
I'm not sure if they know "this person can't afford to lose anymore" though.
Primary regulatory authority lies with the US Department of Interior, under the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (1988).
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Gaming_Regulatory_Act>
Proposing licensing for this is akin to proposing licensing for nearly anything else that requires a modicum of personal responsibility. I'm not here to defend the casinos but this proposition is crazy and I'd actively advocate against it.
Let's ignore the obvious non-starters like costs because the obvious deterrent is this: make it difficult to get started gambling by capitalizing on people's laziness. They wont go to the class, so they won't go gamble, right? They won't go to class to learn about the dangers of drinking so they won't drink, right?
The first counterpoint is arguably the simplest. In both cases, gambling and alcohol, doing it "under the table" is simple. There is arguably no difference between buying/making a set of dice, setting up a wood box in your house (or a cardboard box on the street) and playing craps. In fact, the odds are better doing this so you'll likely gain more customers. Benefit? It's easy to pack up, move, and keep secret. Nevada has an entire wing of the police dedicated to finding people gambling in their homes and it nets what I can only imagine is a grand average of 0 arrests per year. For alcohol, it's absolutely trivial to make swill. If you really want it, you're a yeast packet and fruit juice away from it. You can even make it with bread. Alcoholics don't care about flavor. If they do, you can distill your swill further and flavor it for less than $100 more. Is the goal then to require a license to buy copper pipes? Torches? How many licenses do I need before I need a separate bag for them? How many regulations will be propose on businesses before doing something like gambling or drinking alcohol require a NICS background check and re-taking a class every 2 years?
For things that are successfully licensed a few things need to happen.
1. It must be non-trivial for a person to start doing. Making pharmaceuticals is an example of this. Even trivial street drugs like heroin and cocaine are not room temperature IQ simple to manufacture. Many drugs require a full blown BSc/MSc in chemistry to even begin to understand.
2. The ability to acquire the components to do the thing must be reduced to the point it becomes impossible for a non-licensed person to get it. Again, manufacturing drugs is an example of this.
With these two in place you can successfully regulate something. Otherwise, the regulation will fail at the start.
At some point we must accept personal responsibility for our own vices. People attending GA or AA have done this. If you are predisposed to blowing 8x your net worth at a casino it's YOUR responsibility to not gamble. The casino can't be responsible for your own problems. Now, it's true the casinos do very little to stop someone from taking out a credit line at the cage, nor do they do anything to actively stop an obvious problem gambler. This is an avenue for change. Liquor stores often stop "regulars" from buying another liter of popov. But to propose licensing? Insane.
Excessive gaming can also lead to social harm so obviously we're going to want to make sure that we have consoles that turn off after a certain duration of time allowing for a daily maximal quota.
I'm all for advocation in terms of education but that's the line, it's not the states responsibility nor anywhere in their purview to impose regulations on how a person chooses to spend their time. It's deeply frightening how easily people advocate for these things without realizing that establishing precedent can quickly lead to the infringement of civil liberties.
The likelihood and potency of gambling to ruin your life is orders of magnitude above gaming.
You don't even need to run naked down the slot aisles and belly flop onto the craps table.
Gambling addiction is real. It affected my family.
It's like a tax on society, except that it often most negatively affects the people who can least afford to be taxed, and then it usually just goes to greedy people rather than funding public works. At least lotteries supposedly go towards public projects. But again, you are taking proportionately more from the most desperate and poor people in that case which is the opposite of how a tax should work.
It’s not totally extractive but they are obviously still profitable.
The thing is, everyone gambled before legalization. You didn’t even need a bookie, every online casino has taken bets from US citizens and then pay no taxes to the state or country.
Bookies are even worse than online casinos because they offer a line of credit and later coerce you to give up your business, sell drugs, etc.
All in all it’s very similar to drugs. People are going to do it anyway, might as well make it legal.
You can contact any casino and request to be excluded from play indefinitely. You can set deposit limits and cannot lift them for a month at a time. There’s some “harm reduction” required by law.
"People are going to do it anyway" -- wrong, some people are going to do it. Many will not if it's illegal.
Sports gambling has been legal in the UK and other parts of the EU for a long time.
Betting on horses and dogs, too, has been legal for forever.
For those that aren’t aware, this was the basic history.
Casinos are bad. Ban them.
Casinos are bad, but maybe profitable. Let’s have a few, but we’ll put them on 19th century style paddlewheel riverboats, and make the boat go out into the river for an hour long cruise to limit access.
Okay, the boat can remained docked, but it will still “cruise” for an hour before people are allowed on and off.
Okay, so maybe the boat can actually be in an artificial pond, that’s only about a foot bigger than the boat, as long as that “boat in a moat” is within some small number of miles from an approved gambling river. These boats will also “go cruising”, and since they are boats, they will be regulated by the US Coast Guard, and be required to have enough life jackets for the maximum occupancy of the boat, even though if the boat were to “sink” it would only fall 12 inches to the bottom of the moat.
Okay, so maybe the boats don’t have to “cruise” and people can just come and go from the gambling floor whenever they want.
Okay. Let’s just have a regular casino in a regular building, nowhere near a river.
They don't, it's a scam. Other than that the fact that money is fungible (so sending lottery money to schools really doesn't mean anything), when you crack open the books (which is never done, and there are always contracts that include never doing it), they don't make money. In Illinois, which has always had a huge lottery, it never even broke even. Lotteries are just one of the many vehicles for politician self-dealing.
I did some googling and then Illinois lottery did make a loss in 2015 due to increased advertising spend: https://www.chicagobusiness.com/article/20150917/NEWS02/1509...
Apart from that I don't see any evidence for your claims. Do you have a link?
The two faces of the country are religious Puritans and scheming confidence men. In gambling, you can find combinations of both(church lottery) and also negations(atheists against gambling). But the most common norm would be to gamble in secret and keep quiet about it for the sake of appearances.
> How could any fan possibly have enjoyed the Patriots’ 25-point fourth-quarter comeback against the Falcons if he didn’t have “skin in the game”?
I've only bet a couple superbowls, betting on the game does, in fact, make it a lot more interesting. I'm not a pro/college sports fan, though, maybe that's relevant. (I like playing sports, not spectating)
1) The SuperDome has had a corporate sponsor (Mercedes Benz) since 2011. It's not like Caesars caused them to sell out.
2) No legal Pennsylvania sportsbook is advertising (or even offering options to bet on) B league Argentinian soccer. It's very likely the gambler in the article was on a grey-area offshore sports book (e.g Bovada), and legalizing sports betting helps combat those.
3) Sportsbooks paying $18 in total on two $10 bets is known as the "hold" and it's basically a transaction cost. You could make the same argument about poker (with the rake) or stock trading commissions. If there's a cost per transaction in an otherwise zero-sum game then money is being continuously removed from the total sum.
4) When you are betting in a non-exchange context (the case for all U.S based books), the sports book is taking the other side of the bet. They may try to balance the book, or lay off bets, but they often do end up taking risk on one side. This is advantageous for the book when done correctly.
5) Sports Betting is the only gambling option where you are betting against the house in a situation where the true odds are not known pre-facto. This is very different than blackjack or roulette where the odds are known beforehand, and the house can ensure the odds are always in their favor.
6) This means that sportsbetting is hypothetically (and often in practice) uniquely winnable in the long term. If you are better at determining the true odds for an outcome than the sportsbook, then you can have positive expected value.
7) If the above wasn't true, then sportsbooks would not have to limit winning players (which frequently happens). Sports betting is basically the only gambling option where the house does not always encourage/want more betting volume from players.
1: technically this depends on the exact rules, most notably (1) how much is paid out for a blackjack (3:2 is ok, 6:5 is unplayable) and (2) “penetration”, i.e. how many cards are dealt from a shoe before a reshuffle. But it’s still very easy to find blackjack games with beatable rules.
Unless you're talking about card-counting (it's fair if you are) it's not possible to "play" with a positive value for the player; doing what you have to do to get that 2% or whatever means you have to strictly run an algorithm and not fuck it up. Screw up once and that 2% is gone.
Semi-offtopic: It seems like it would be very easy for casinos to completely prevent card counting at blackjack.
I wonder if the fact a lot of games are beatable is intentional bait for novice counters that will screw up and lose. Maybe casinos have done the math on this and figure they win more from the novices than they lose from the experts (before they kick them out).
This is surely part of it. The other factors are that many non-advantageous players dislike continuous shuffle machines for superstitious reasons, and using a traditional shoe (not continuously shuffled) but massively decreasing penetration leads to less hands per hour (and therefore less profit) due to time wasted shuffling. So neither of the most obvious countermeasures is free for the casino.
But honestly, even though it’s still beatable, the modern shoe game is way less profitable than old-school single-deck games (and casinos that still offer single-deck, like El Cortez in Vegas, are famous for watching them like a hawk and kicking out players they have the slightest suspicion are counting). So it’s not like casinos have done nothing to protect themselves from advantage players.
Indeed, plenty of games do use CSMs which is one of the many reasons card counting is harder and less profitable than it was in the past. But it’s not impossible.
For example, https://yestoprop27.com/ does not mention online sports betting at all. It’s so deceptive.
26 expands the native casinos to roulette and dice games.
It's also fair to note, that folks can vote "No" on both of them, and neither would take place. It's not "one wins if the other loses". I dunno what happens if they both "win", perhaps "biggest winner" wins.
The concern is that since sports gambling is getting more legalized, then the tribes can get their permission from the Federal Government rather than from the State, but I don't really understand the mechanics of that other than simply the State losing some aspect of control.
I really wish News sources were better at putting big numbers into context.
1. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/technology/robinhood-risk... 2. https://www.thecut.com/2019/04/why-breaking-a-streak-feels-s...
One could argue that they should accept fewer advertisers in general, but otherwise seems like nothing to see here re: RobinHood vs FanDuel or whoever. Unless there's a specific case of "RobinHood ads were rejected while FanDuel ones weren't or such" that would be more interesting...
Personally I don't really agree with the idea that a publication should be expected to have a monolithic, religious-level fervor or single-voice to their editorial positions. I would sooner want to crack down on advertising-funded publications in general.
Government involvement in such activities really just shows where the priorities are.
Not all of those substitutions work. It seems to be a difficult thing to process, for some people, that outlawing things does reduce their usage, and some of those things are really harmful.
Conversely, at least some of the people who are now gambling on sports really would not have done so, when they still had to know a bookie. No, they wouldn't fuel the Mafia instead; they just wouldn't gamble.
Arguments for it cover an equally large range. The argument about legalising consumption for public health reasons probably focuses more on reducing harmful consumption rather than all consumption. The article cites several strategies used by the sports gambling industry (eg QR codes) that encourage addiction, and harm. You don't need to make all gambling illegal to crack down on that kind of stuff.
Ultimately the question is one of control. Complete market deregulation is arguably the worse possibility here. With illegal activity the government can control through repression, and via a public monopoly they control the quality of the product and the chain of distribution.
I dove deeply into it this past year to extract some value out of promotions the books are running, and have continued to bet because it is fun trying to find lines that have positive expected value and it's been a nice stream of extra income.
I've never gambled before, does this happen often? I would have assumed gambling companies wouldn't offer any bets like this, since it implies their EV is negative.
It's why on a 1:1 bet, you'd lose money, as the sportsbook tend to take something like 10%. Even though the odds are 1:1, your $1 bet would net $0.90. ($1.90, you'd get your dollar back.)
Since Thorp, Casinos have made it harder to beat them (e.g. larger decks), but they still tease the possibility you can beat them to entice people to try (and lose).
Edward Thorp later went on to write Beat the Market, where he tried to apply similar probability principles to the stock market. He independently invented the options formula, before Black-Scholes (which the latter won a Nobel Prize).
I feel like there's less middle ground then drinking, fewer people are safely going to the casino a few times a month compared to people going to a bar. But a lot of people casually gamble.
The former President of the United States declared it a national health emergency: https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-declares-opioid-crisis...
I think gambling should be illegal, so I’d be happy for such a suggestion to be implemented, but it’s basically a more complicated and indirect way to just ban casinos outright.
Expected value from gambling should be zero, going slightly negative because the table and the room needs to be paid for. People making money from gambling should be making money from providing services to gamblers, not taxing the pot with a rake or a vig.
That being said - there are many casino games which would work fine and leave decisions - roulette could be -1% EV with a single zero which was smaller than the other numbers. Several craps bets are close to 1% and minor adjustments could be made to payoffs.
Blackjack would be practically impossible to make work.