Honestly it's not that much different than sampling in music. A few years ago Kayne West tried something similar when instead of paying Aphex Twin for the sample usage of "Avril 14th", he asked John Legend to play basically a carbon copy of the track on a piano[1]. Ultimately he had to pay for the track anyway.

Same here. Did you use my artworks while training your AI model? Cool, pay me licensing rights and residuals. No? Then remove them from your fancy art obfuscator filter.

[1]https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/aug/26/aphex-twin-kan...