Maybe it's because I grew up outside the city but I've never had a locked bike stolen or anything. At some point I forgot to lock my bike in the train station bike park and that got taken over the weekend but I've been so careless before so it's hardly a given.
I'm not sure what you mean by locks at bike parking spaces, the lock comes with the bicycle, doesn't it? All you need is something to attach it to. I've parked my bike in the more criminal neighbourhoods by locking the in-frame lock to make sure the back wheel doesn't go and by snaking my chain lock through the frame and my front wheel so they can't take the rest.
There are places (notably train stations) here where you can pay a small fee or a subscription to store your bike in a locker. Seems like a decent idea to me it you live in an area where simple bike locks aren't an option.