Kafka Streams is the first kind; the source-of-truth storage is HA (as HA as the Kafka topics it's backed with at least) but can only be queried with high consistency when the consumer is active, and it goes down for rebalances when you scale out or fail over (and in many operational setups also when you upgrade).
For an example of the second kind, see Fly.io's Litestream explanation - https://fly.io/blog/all-in-on-sqlite-litestream/.
That being said, I think the etcd etc. examples are just meant to be in contrast to stock Redis or Memcache, which offer very little HA support, generally just failover with minimal consistency guarantee.