If everyone bicycled like the Danes, we’d avoid a UK’s worth of emissions
arstechnica.com
arstechnica.com
This isn't about "geography" or "wealth". It's about infrastructure, urban planning and lifestyle. In the western world, the architecture of cities and regions has been redesigned during the 20th century to accommodate car use as the primary mode of transport. And it happen as a complex interplay between business interests, market demand and public governance, creating intricate feedback loops.
At the start of the 20th century, when the automobile was still in it's infancy, car use was looked down upon and there was even an anti-car sentiment.
e.g. https://www.vox.com/2015/1/15/7551873/jaywalking-history
It's worth paying attention to history and wonder how cars became so dominant a transportation mode in the first place.
In that regard, this statement:
> So, the biggest barrier is likely to remain the social will to rethink transportation.
Should have been the premise of the article. Not its conclusion.
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/road_eqs_carh...
[1]: 0.540 for Denmark vs 0.868 for the US (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_vehicle...)
If you start correcting for other variables, you'll have to look at demographics, size and flatness of the country, prices, public transport availability, population distribution between rural and urban areas etc. etc.
Relatively poor Romania has a lower number of cars per capita and if you live in Bucharest like me, you'd believe everyone owns a car (half being Dacias), nobody rides a bicycle.
> Cars are MUCH more expensive to buy and own (sales tax used to be 180%, but I’m expat).
The 180% tax rate is the highest bracket. So you don’t pay that rate on the first $x of the car’s price.
So really expensive cars are almost three times as expensive, but cheap cars are about as expensive as in all other countries. Which is why you see a lot of cheap/small cars in Denmark.
And if you keep German plates on it and drive it around you will get charged with tax fraud and a huge fine.
Still, you can do a lot to make cities more bike friendly. In Silicon Valley it’s my impression that Palo Alto is vastly more bike friendly than all of the neighbor cities.
Reading Hacker News can bring value but corner cases of $solution are not very useful.
I love biking - taking the car would be horrible, especially parking wise, and the public transportation, while good and regular is just not for me.
If it's -15C and sunny it's good, but if it's +15C and raining it's a pain.
In the Netherlands and I think even in Copenhagen, 15C and raining is much more common. In my own experience, raining isn't the biggest pain. I hated the wind the most.
> When talking about bicycle infrastructure in Canada, the number one excuse I hear is "winter." Many Canadians see the cold and snow as a fundamental barrier to year round cycling. But one city, Oulu in Finland, with winter weather worse than most Canadian cities, shows that winter cycling has nothing to do with the weather, and everything to do with safe cycling infrastructure.
Denmark may be warm compared to say Minnesota but it's further north than a very large chunk of the world's population.
Denmark, The Netherlands, Germany and basically all of Europe didn't always have the cycling infrastructure they have now, it's a relatively recent thing. If there's support, it can be built.
For hills, there are e-bikes. Yes they're more expensive than a regular bicycle but they're still a pretty recent invention. They'll surely get cheaper as they mature.
So in effect people are spending more on ebikes even though they technically become cheaper.
SRC: Recent discussion on golem.de regarding the Aldi ebike & personal experience from friends &family buying much more expensive bikes than necessary for their use.
Sadly I don't see this transferring to other countries any time soon. Infra was built for the car and a cyclist is often a 2nd grade participant. All the steep inclinations in cities also don't help. CPH is really flat. My hometown has so many hills a lot of people (especially elderly) are not fit to even climb them. It's also really hard to drive at decent speed on narrow lanes built as an afterthought next to the main road. Things are changing though so at least biking is doable despite many downsides.
When that comes up, people make comments like "The problem with banning private jets for reasons of climate change: it is nothing but symbolism." and "Good intention but in my opinion this is a non-starter." and "This seems like the worst kind of envy politics.", to quote three of many HN comments at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32342021 from 16 days ago.
In the beginning, bike paths can be just painted on the ground / plastic barriers in riskier places. It can be improved upon later as the roads are going through more thorough maintenance / renovations.
Once some reasonably safe infrastructure is in place, the bike traffic often picks up pretty quickly on its own.
Also: > The Vehicles per 1000 people of Denmark is similar to that of United Kingdom, Qatar, Czech Republic, Estonia, Ireland, Dominica, Barbados, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Slovak Republic with a respective Vehicles per 1000 people of 516, 514, 495, 494, 491, 470, 439, 422, 417, 382 (per 1,000 people) and a global rank of 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43.
http://mecometer.com/whats/denmark/vehicles-per-thousand-peo...
Therefore, this article is just the usual activism without substance.
Critically, bicycles have very close to the same random route ability as cars. They’re excluded from most limited-access highways but otherwise can go directly to a place 2 miles away by traveling approximately 2 miles and without significant waiting times for the user. Contrast that with public transit that might need to go 5+ miles and involve a transfer, multiple waits, and walking on both ends to cover that same 2 mile journey.
It was practically possible for me to cycle to my old office. It was comically impractical (though technically possible) to use a combination of multiple buses and multiple subway lines to get there. For that commute (and I think many other journeys), bikes are competing with cars not public transit.
For me it augments it: Taking public transport is not pleasant (10 miles at 40m travel time), but I could go to the train station by bike, take the train and then cycle to work (<20m). Only reason I'm not doing that that I have to carry the bike up the stairs (10m height difference) and instead do wfh. By car it's 15 to 20m depending on traffic.
> The few exceptions where car modal share remains low and car ownership is relatively high, such as Switzerland, Japan, and the Czech Republic, have well-developed and efficient public transportation systems (e.g., public buses and subways) to satisfy their main mobility demand.
Thus, a ranking of "Vehicles per 1000 people" isn't necessarily indicative of vehicle use, and it's the latter which generates CO2 (for IC engines) and other pollutants, not mere ownership.
The paper calculates the effect of changing the modal share of bike use world-wide to match that of Denmark, and presents the first ever (to the authors' knowledge) substance for that calculation.
Are they using the existing car->cyclist kill risk for this? The only way you would actually get people to bike more is by making it safer via dedicated infrastructure, so this figure would necessarily be lower.
[1] https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2008/feb/13/climatec...
is arstechnica doing right wing comedy news now ?
[1]: https://autovista24.autovistagroup.com/news/denmark-agrees-g...
> The parties have agreed that an extra tier will be introduced, whereby a lower 25% tax rate will be applied to the car’s value up to DKK 65,000 in 2021. The 85% tax rate will then be applied up to the slightly higher value of DKK 202,200 in 2021, with the 150% rate above that level.
So you can buy a 80k DKK car and pay only 25% tax.
(Which is the sales tax rate in Denmark for all consumer goods)
Also, I'm not sure where did that 80k number came from. If you're using it just as an example, then I think the effective tax rate on that would be 36.25%. [1].
[1]: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=%280.25*65000%2B0.85*15...
Regarding car prices, many Danes drive cars that cost a bit over DKK 100k, on which the effective sales tax isn’t much higher than 25%.
Interesting, I'm curious to know what kinds of car are popular there. I searched a bit, and it seems like after Tesla Model 3 (which is expensive), the most popular car models are Peugeot 208 and Nissan Qashqai [1]. I wasn't able to figure out how much they cost in Denmark through a quick search though.
[1]: https://www.dataforce.de/en/news/tesla-model-3-is-the-best-s...
Also, he gets to eat more cake without getting fat. Bastard.
- Cycling employees are healthier. Belgian stats say they average more than one sick day less per year.
- Cycling employees are less stressed. You can squeeze more productivity out of them before they burn out.
- Cycling employees take up less parking space with their vehicles.
- Compensating cycling employees for their mobility needs- a fiscally friendly form of compensation in many countries - is often more tax advantageous than doing the same with their car driving colleagues.
- ...and a ton more reasons.
I mean, it's a nice concept, but Denmark appears to be one of the few places in the world where you don't have to worry too much about bike theft.
Also, office buildings in industrialized nations usually have the necessary plumbing for a shower.
I don't see the point in living like it's a post-apocalyptic world just to avoid a post-apocalyptic world.
The pandemic showed that in many cases it's possible to work remotely - at least some of the time.
~30% of positions are desk jobs. Imagine 30% less people commuting daily.