As a consequence everybody I know changes their layout to us english or something similar and then switch back when they need to type in danish for an email or a message.
I switched to programmer dvorak a long time ago, but I have no idea how well it works with vim.
Switching input options shouldn't be hard. On my work linux it is alt space (I think), on my personal mac I can either press fn or just hold down the key needed to select the special danish characters. So if I need to write to somebody that it is time to harvest the apples I can use hold down the a key to select æ and the o key to select ø (the message would then be "vi skal til at høste æblerne"), or switch over to a Danish keyboard and type the message directly.
But every OS since DOS has a simple shortcut to change your input language.