Might be tricky if you don’t speak Japanese though. Do they have multilingual optometrists that cater to tourists? I suppose Tokyo is big enough you can probably find one of anything.
I spent about a week in Japan, split between Tokyo and Nagasaki, and had no problem, having not even tried to learn any Japanese, except that I couldn't get the right train stop because I couldn't even recognize the characters, much less read them.
The US has a lot of immigrants, so I wouldn't count it as a country with a low percentage of bilinguals.
0- https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/20/key-finding...
I'm not sure what you'd do about the eye chart. I don't know about optometry but I would imagine you can't just print off a poster of an English-language eye chart and use that, I always figured they'd be calibrated for a certain size, resolution, and the distance from the vision test machine taken into account.
As you suggest, given the number of western tourists to Japan I'm sure there'd be some subset of optometrists who are set up for English-language patients.