"What’s the point of this long historical digression? Well, it’s to explain that, with a few exceptions, the division between Dev and Ops, and between centralisation and distribution of responsibility has never been resolved. And the reasons why the industry seems to see-saw are the same reasons why the answer to the original question is never simple."
It is true that the answer is context dependent. I consult with several startups, I give different answers to different CTOs, depending on what stage their organization is at, and how much they will actually need devops in the future (I recently consulted for Paireyewear.com, a company that relies on Shopify to provide the public facing store through which they sell. As such, they will never need much in terms of devops. Instead I brought in Chris Clarke, one of the best devops talents I know, and he consults with them part-time, and that is as much devops talent as they need.)