Logic programming, on the other hand and for example, needs something much more substantial to be implemented as a library in an existing language, such as backtracking, unification, or the full-on Warren Abstract Machine.
If someone has a clear example of differential programming that is different than just using automatic differentiation as a technique or library, then that might help.
> doesn't let me have a variable hold half of one object and half of another or let the language derive the code that gave me that object at runtime
I'm not sure what you mean here. Could you elaborate?