>In a periodic transaction report, the senior Democrat disclosed that her husband, financier Paul Pelosi, sold 25,000 shares of Nvidia for about $4.1 million, ending up with a loss of $341,365.

He bought options in July 2021. Basically, he said he'd buy 20k shares stock for X price regardless of the price in the next year. If the stock goes up he can sell the options without having to buy said stock (for a profit). He can also give up what he paid for the options and choose not to buy the shares and they'd expire worthless.

As the stock was below what he bet it would be within a years time he decided to exercise his right to buy the 20k shares rather than lose his initial investment. He then sold, for a loss, but possibly a smaller one than if he just let them expire worthless.