My guess is it was a handful of French former telecom workers and, generally speaking, complete dicks.
> In June, CyberScoop reported claims that “radical ecologists” who oppose digitalization may be behind the attacks.
I wouldn’t rule out a nation state “practice” attack though.
I would...
Backbone routers scattered across the country suddenly go dark, nobody has any idea what happened, and logs are missing? Sure, you can pin that on nation-states if you want. Or APTs, Annoyingly Persistent Teenagers, depending on the style of the attack.
"Physically going into another nation and cutting their infrastructure up" is closer to an act of war than most nations will get for "practice."