I'm able to formulate some ideas and arguments while doing something else, but after time, I end up with piles of notes that feel very... fragmented. Any tips on stringing them together into something more coherent?
just chunk out what you can and dont worry if it isnt up to your standard the first time around.
fragmented concerted effort is better than no effort, every time.
Or maybe starting with an outline.
But in general the practice of rewriting the same thing differently is what serious writing is.