https://www.cbsnews.com/news/british-teenager-went-blind-fro...
And while butter contains b12, you'd probably have to be eating a few bars of it a day to get enough long-term.
The spudfit guy did only potatoes and a B12 supplement for a year. His claim was that he was getting everything else he needed from the potatoes.
Dairy doesn't contain enough B12 to supplement you on it's own, which is why the study recommends against and instead suggests taking an actual B12 supplement (Puritan's Pride lozenges)
4 weeks shouldn't be enough time to develop a serious B12 deficiency but doing this for longer could impair you cognitively.
I've always been curious whether many of these diets lacking appropriate B vitamin requirements might have a compounding effect w.r.t. people's interest & willingness to continue trying such diets...