What the author should have made more clear is that we’re starting to see technology that eliminates the “local developer environment” completely, and we’re also starting to see collaborative real-time code editors. Taken together, we can imagine a world where a dev points their browser at codebase hosted somewhere and just starts editing. Each edit is a change event that the system reacts to by running compilers, then unit tests, etc. and provides near real-time feedback that the code works/doesn’t work, right in the editor. In this world the developer does not push their changes, the system does that for them, while they’re working. The CI server disappears from view completely.