Mid 2000s one computer science professor said that internet capacity is not going to match the amount of traffic. Everybody laughed. The wold was full of dark fiber after dot-com-bust.

But if you look at his math, it was correct. The era of client-server connected heterogeneous distributed Internet is just a side show today.

The solution has been centralization (clarification: big companies run their own caches and networks near users). and growth of caches and then Cloudflare taking care of the rest.