This kind of endeavor should be a common theme to all science, not just chemistry.
A good first step is to require supplemental materials are published in a machine readable format (e.g. not manually thrown together Excel files that lack any kind of normalization or rational schema)
OTOH, facilitating:
1. access to the raw data
2. access to the metadata
3. access to the source code of whatever software was used / created to run the experiment
4. making sure everything is computer readable (i.e. not a 256x128 graph as a PNG embedded in a bloody PDF)
should be a requirement for any scientific publication worth its salt.RDF is quite flexible and using a combination of domain specific ontologies like cheminf[1] and other top level ontologies like BFO[2] should allow you to capture most of the semantics.
[1]: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/cheminf [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Formal_Ontology?wprov=sf...