If you invest $100K at <$1M valuation pre-revenue in 100 pre-Mittelstands, 1-5% of those companies are going to get to $100M+, 10-30% will get to $10M+, and 50%+ will get a positive exit.
There is a robust buyout market between PEs and corporates for these companies.
Yes, this is a form of venture capital. But most VCs today would not consider pre-Mittelstands VC-backable startups.
This post and my last one We Need a Middle Class for Startups (https://neilthanedar.com/we-need-a-middle-class-for-startups...) make the argument to VCs that they can get big exits and returns investing in Mittelstands.