Chaos: The Problem with Quantum Mechanics
backreaction.blogspot.com
backreaction.blogspot.com
Whenever “weirdness due to wave function collapse” comes up, I wonder: what is the multi-universe equivalent of this discussion?
Probably it's a smeared out infinity of quasy-equal probability arising... and the people that see multi-universe as a "real thing" in that multiple classical universes actually exist get queasy by this because they intuitively feels this is off as an inifinity of infinity etc. of universes would violate the conservation of some meta-universal thinggy.
...but if you just take the Everett / many-worlds interpretation that many quantum phisicists say they subscribe too as just meaning "the wave function is the only real thing" and "we're just talking of multiple classical universes" as an "interpretation" because classical universes are the only thing that human intuition can grasp, so we'll talk about this to at least get some semblance of useful intution, as the real thing is intuitively incomprehensible and you can only "shut up and do the math" with regards to it :P
Humans are really bad at accepting the limitations of their own minds so they try to come up with all sorts of "interpretations" and "understandings" to paper over it and the fret out about made-up problems with these made up interpretations not agreeing with each-other.
(Though tbh, I'm not even sure that intuitively working with a non-real-probabilities universe is beyond our intuition... even examples from stuff like human legal practice and other cases where we work with incomplete information allow useful ways to grok this stuff... there's also extra-boolean logical systems like the pentavalent buddhist logic that could be generalized to include negative interactions and quantitative represantations... dunno, maybe we're just very early in understanding the universe... closer to cockroaches than the quasi-gods we imagine ourselves :P ...probably we should just be humble and focus on the math when intuition fails but not give up on trying to expland intuition too...)
Edit+: P.S. And it's probably obvious that I dislike superdeterminists because of their conceited lack of humility... but I actually think superdeterminism is a very useful stance, because if there are some/many extra hidden variables, then we need to assume their existence if we are ever to devise experiments to actually get to them... otherwise we're stuck. So maybe the superdeterministic stance is the best for moving experimental particle phisics further faster, the Everettian worldview could get too many people stuch in weird philosophical traps and dead ends. Kind of like Nietzsche said that christianity helped modern science arise and grow (with it's focus of clearly separating good vs. evil, then by extension true vs. false theories etc. rising in the end to the scientific methodology)... superdeterminism could probably helps us make the next baby-steps forward faster :)
QM has certain postulates that have to be overcome first, such as any state can be written as a linear combination of eigenstates, etc.
You can see them here: http://vergil.chemistry.gatech.edu/notes/quantrev/node20.htm...
If classic reality is the illusion, and our intuition is fundamentally limited and incapable of grasping the actual reality, then even many-worlds is a bit of clutch... we imagine an infinity of "parallel" classical universes simply because it's the best we can do: one wave function universe where all the variants are "real" at the same time only that being real is a complex-numbered-probability so some are more real than other with different orientations and magnituded too.
...we could just give up hoping that our ape-brains can fully "grasp" reality, and just focus on getting the math to work: if some math systems make chaos and qm both work, then move on with that regardless of our primitive intuitions and preconceptions/superstitions of that the workld ought to be!
Classical mechanics emerges from the theory under suitable conditions. An outline of the reasoning can be found in https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0112005
There is a strong suspicion in the Bohmian community that the sensitivity to initial conditions in Bohmian mechanics is an important piece of the sociological explanation for the embrace of the collapse theory of QM a hundred years ago, long before a full appreciation of such sensitivity was widely appreciated in non-linear dynamic systems.
As a rule, when you take a limit new things can emerge.
For example, pi is the limit of a sequence of rational numbers. For example 3, 3.1, 3.14, 3.141, 3.1415, etc. All these rational numbers are "perfectly predictable", while the digits of pi are not. One could say pi is a "chaotic number", and is the limit of non-chaotic numbers. Nobody would find this paradoxical.
Take turbulence, the textbook example of chaos. I can approximate any solution of the Navier-Stokes equation with a sequence of periodic functions (with longer and longer period). Each of these is non-chaotic, but the limit is chaotic.
Quantum mechanics converges to classical mechanics when h->0. So, the solutions of Schroedinger's equation (which are all non-chaotic) converge to something that exhibit chaos. Where's the paradox?