The introduction of the camera caused similar reverberations. And actually, if you go back to the impressionists, and through cubism to abstract expressionism — it was all a revolt against “image” being “art”. The surface, the paint, the whole canvas — that started to take on more importance. Art became less and less about the sheer skill of reproducing a scene photographically. After all, a camera could now do that so well.
Warhol was interesting because he called into question things like, is business art? Is art business? Can art be mass produced? Is that a statement on society, etc.
Honestly, people get too precious about What Is Art. And what people in galleries and museums and art school consider art is always way different than what the average person calls art and hangs on their bedroom walls.
Personally, I’ve always went with a definition my dad told me. Maybe it was Picasso originally: “Art is what makes the modern world felt.”