> It lets people with savings invest those savings in companies that produce real world goods and services.
You can invest in cryptos that you think will perform some sort of electronic service, like Ether, in expectation that the value will go up if it grows in usage.
It's admittedly pretty hard to make a connection to the physical world. So staying within the virtual world, ownership is an interesting application outside of finance. NFTs are the most prominent but (as art) least interesting examples of blockchain ownership. More interesting is the intersection with gaming, like what you see with Crypto Kitties and Gods Unchained (deck building game where card ownership and scarcity is blockchain driven). Another example is ENS: decentralized domain names.
> A bank can loan money to people who want to spend now what they will earn later.
This topic is much easier. Finance is the first application of blockchain, and there are tons of traditional financial instruments which exist in cryptospace already.
CDPs[1] offer a decentralized way to borrow money.
Compound[2] offers a way to both lend and borrow.
[1] https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/collateralized...
[2] https://compound.finance/