Google allows for various kinds of 2FA, not just SMS. You can use a hardware key or even Google apps installed on other trusted devices.
To be clear, 2FA != account recovery.
I only used that account for communicating with one friend, [our mail hosts were blocking each other in some kind of spam war tit-for-tat] now deceased, so it was no great loss to lose the account, but rather annoying that they pretend harvesting phone numbers is some type of "authentication."