I have a few variants of problem solving methodologies for different situations. They are incredibly similar to this post. They are also incredibly similar to the process in How to Solve It[0].

I intended to memorize the one-page summary to How to Solve It last year. I generally don't get past the first few sentences because I find them so relevant. It's like a mantra in my mind. "Understanding the Problem. First. You have to understand the problem."

[0]Summary: https://www.math.utah.edu/~alfeld/math/polya.html