Excuse my ignorance, I keep seeing those hefty fines on big tech companies, but does the EU targets also other types of industries ? For example Visa Mastercard duopoly, etc
Capping interchange fees dealt a big blow to many of the biggest problems of Visa/Mastercard duopoly (i.e., lack of incentive to reduce interchange fees).
From what I remember they are forced to use/create some open standards in the hope that it'll leave the door open just wide enough so that competition might appear...but it's done in such a way that it does not really help.