Camera Comparo: iPhone 4S and Canon 5D Mk II
tuaw.com
tuaw.com
The 8MP sensor in the iPhone 4S apparently delivers the full 8MP image at 30 frames a second, letting the the CPU or GPU convert it to an HD frame.
In traditional cameras, they have to build into the sensor the ability to take a subset of the sensor data, because they cannot read off the full sensor that fast. In the 5D mk II, they actually just skip lines of resolution to get their HD frames, which results in some bad artifacts for certain scenes.