Some merchants offer PayPal or Card or Klarna as options on the first part of checkout. Those are fine.
Some merchants though, have given their entire checkout process to Klarna and the card and other options are downstream of entering the Klarna checkout process. This means that you'll have the date of birth question, and also be sending your transaction data to a credit company, even if you're still paying fully by debit card.
Two examples I recently encountered were UK PC parts merchant, I've being sponsoring a child of an impoverished single mum ( https://docs.google.com/document/d/1NCHV1pcTyvtbbE-mBDFhE1K7... ) and he'd managed to earn enough to purchase a custom computer - he's only 12 and this is such an achievement. We used pcpartpicker to design the build, and two of the suppliers recommended by that in the UK have fully given up their checkout process to Klarna. I switched ordering those parts to Scan and Box instead.
A movie quote springs to mind: "A person is smart. People are dumb, panicky, dangerous animals and you know it."
In practice, “Date of Birth mandatory” is a merchant controlled setting in Klarna [0]. I’ve used Klarna for card countless times and never hit a site that requires it. I’m guessing GP saw it once and never bothered to update his dataset (a surprisingly coming problem among us intellectuals)
[0] https://www.klarna.com/assets/sites/6/2021/09/20095942/user_...
So I've followed up and called one of the retailers to ask why it's mandatory and got "We use Klarna and Klarna requires it, but you can enter a fake one and still get through as it's not verified.". This is awd-it.co.uk which was one of the two merchants in which I encountered it.
I suspect they're wrong though, and that you are right. Klarna didn't require this, but someone at this company configured it. Perhaps it's something about PC components for gaming computers, some kind of data gathering that helps protect against kids using their parents card.
There wasn't a way that I could configure not to give it though... I'm just a customer. Whilst I could use a fake date I'm more likely to treat this as a "your data is about to go to another third party" red flag and shop elsewhere still.
I know there were dozens of switches to flip when we switched to a new storefront and shopping cart vendor a few years ago, and I missed a few initially despite my experience with setting those up in the past. That's what sandboxing is designed to catch, but I can picture PHBs in every industry saying "damn the testing, full speed ahead!" with no thought for consequences.