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'WhatColor' is a nice and simple Windows app that names the color under the cursor. http://www.hikarun.com/e/

Being colorblind myself I can't attest to its quality, but: http://www.colblindor.com/color-name-hue/

edit: apparently based on this (which has a worse color picker but probably better results): http://chir.ag/projects/name-that-color

There is a small program for Windows (being developed) to sample and code a screen color sample, but much more could be done. Can you imagine the stress that receiving a corrected document (word processor) in which the sections to correct are red/yellow, to a color blinded secretary? It's real, there are case studies that relate these problems fron kids to grown ups.

Apologies if I am being insensitive, but really all you need to do is check the hue.