Same intuition here.

Assuming no miscommunication or subterfuge, perhaps it can be explained by a large number of bits flipped by a single ray and/or a preponderance of rays, each flipping a small number of bits. If the satellite's shielding design was poor, there could have been a lot of exposure from a single event, such as a solar flare.

Or perhaps just a single bit of code was flipped and it began writing to protected areas of memory.