Data as a National Security Imperative [pdf]

A couple of excerpts for context:

"China is the home to some of the most interesting and innovative digital ecosystems and entrepreneurs. However, given the military civil fusion state, openly stated by China, all their firms must face a different standard, especially when handling, managing, or accessing data."

"the United States has typically viewed data as a commercial commodity, and only recently begun to view it as a potential national security asset."