That could still be persisted separately if you stuff all that into iCloud's KV store instead of relying on file backup. (Just trying to brainstorm technical solutions; not suggesting they're at all optimal.)
I wonder if there is any chance that Apple will change how this works - it seems like this should be doomsday for a large swath of apps.
(married to Smokey and partner on all these apps!)
There is no current safe place to save local data that should not be backed up to iCloud.
The mental model for iOS is that it stores only two kinds of data: discardable because it can be reproduced, and backed up because it cannot.
That ensures that all your data always is safe. You do not have to worry about losing data when your phone breaks down, or about forgetting to move some data when you upgrade.
I think this also is the reason iOS devices do not have memory card slots. It complicates data management; Apple does not think that is worth the extra complexity.
The app: webalbumsapp.com
From what I see, your users have 3 choices: They can use your app and use up their iCloud allotment, they can use your app and not upgrade, or they can upgrade and find a mapping app that is more efficient in its use of space.
It isn't like Chrome where there are rolling updates that just get applied. You actually have to sit at your computer for a while, download the software and than install it. Many chances to turn back.