The way those languages implement something that is uncolored is by making everything async. Rust has some other use-cases where that's not acceptable.
However I would be interested in hearing what the specific Rust features (or lack thereof) that prevent this being possible. If it's possible to swap the async runtime out it seems like it should also be possible to add enough runtime to a Rust program to allow the equivalent of virtual threads as long as stuff uses stdlib sockets, file I/O etc.
Rust used to have virtual threads pre-1.0, but they were removed since the overhead was deemed unacceptable.