Certainly, I hope anyone commenting on this will take note of the publishing date being more than 100 years ago.

Who your kids end up marrying is mentioned as a big driver of caste in the article. I think that holds true today as well. All things being equal, your professor / lawyer / doctor parents probably don't want you to marry a janitor.

And, I'm pretty sure this is true everywhere.

In a highly competitve place (mostly due to population), they'll say something like, "he's from the janitor class, but thats okay, because he's a doctor" to justify marrying outside the caste.