They may be using arm processors and tiny flash memory like a phone with a large display. Although there are higher end ones with specs similar to low/medium end windows notebooks.
I don't think they are exclusive to America, but hackernews isn't the target for low capability machines.
Really? At least the Walmart here stopped selling PC laptops and only sells chromebooks now.
They are rather cheap, I bought my kid one for $180, like 7 years ago and it's still going. The intro instructions showed that if you poured a soda into the keyboard shake it out a few times and it should be fine. In highschool they handed my kid a laptop on the first day, quite a bit nicer than the 7 year old laptop, and of course quite familiar.
I've seen minimal market penetration outside of education. It is nice that they upstream patches for linux and to be called a chromebook they have to support a dev mode where you can install your own OS. So you can get a laptop, without paying the Microsoft tax.