This thing will kill art dead.
Well, representational art. I'd like to say post-abstract expressionists are at risk, but they still have their admirers convinced they're wearing clothes, and there's no indication those idiots will ever change their minds.
I'm going to have to write up a piece on this sometime, my argument is a little too involved for an HN post. But the gist is that the heart of what a fully trained painter does is make personal choices. A quick and dirty example of the difference:
Suppose you train an AI on Picasso's pre-1901 pieces. It's not going to decide it's time for a blue period.
But I can't find anything close to the realism that DALL-E 2 achieved here.
In fact this photo is exactly what you get when you photoshop the face of an ugly chihuahua unto a Pikachu plushie head and add a yellow brushed hamster body. And a cape. Literally that is what you're looking at.
It understood your prompt and amalgamated the right source photos into this nightmare fuel. Jesus wept.
I am pretty familiar with photoshop, and while I'm not an expert, I would find making something like this really difficult. Anything is possible with photoshop, but some things are very hard.
i guess some people are overhyped, but it's cool that this can do that. Previously, it took a trained human.
What are you going to do with this cape wearing realistic Pikachu that is actually a picture of a hamster?
Typically the trained human has something specific in mind. And if the client isn't satisfied they will torture them with countless requests for adjustments. So right now this is of limited use.
To me what is far far far more interesting is that Dall-E possibly understands the concept of what a Pikachu is supposed to be. That is downright creepy, and fascinating. I suspect that this visual aspect to things after people get over the clipart generation might find more functional utility as a way to see through the "model eyes" so to speak. To visualize the model itself. That could unlock a lot of doors in how training is done.
Maybe in the future you could train it on textbooks and prompt it for a picture of a molecule. Now that would be something. Especially if you start feeding it data from experiments.
Confused as to why you think you cannot do this with DALL•E?
https://twitter.com/nickcammarata/status/1512123067803344899...
Prompt: "expressive painting of a man shining rays of justice and transparency on a blue bird twitter logo"
You have to break the concepts up apart (which is one of the things Dall-E improved on).
As such: "expressive blue bird"
In google image search, type clipart, and I even get pill tags to further narrow it down to illustrations for animal paintings and so forth. Google's classifier knows the concept of a "blue bird" and expressionism too.
https://www.google.com/search?q=expressive+blue+bird&tbm=isc...
The same for "ray of light". In fact the top results there I get pngs of sun beams on a transparent background. Which is perfect.
Neither the birds nor the rays of light in the pictures it produced are truly its own creations but lifted from bits of pictures in its training set. I bet you could find the exact bird from the second row online in many places for example. It just won't be blue or stylized.
Composite those things together manually and add a style transfer you'll get similar results to DALL-E as that is what it is doing more or less.
Note that in that example the "twitter bird logo" is actually expressed in 6 out of all of those images. Look for the small bird, that looks like the Twitter logo. It's there. It's doing the thing.
Nothing is expressed. Find yourself a blue bird in an expressionistic style, go to google image search and give it the url. Click on tools -> visually similar.
Enjoy an endless supply of things to plagiarize. In the middle picture of the second row you can clearly see how several pre-existing images are sharply cut off before being re-blended.
Tech like CLIP, GPT-3, DALL-E, etc. are indeed nearing the sophistication (w. caveats around outliers and harmful outputs) of Google search.
It took a lot of people to create Google search. It took precisely one training run for DALL-E 2 to create this.
edit: Removed toxic comment.
The tool wielders however.. I think are overyhyping this to say the least. And focusing on the wrong bits. It isn't sentient and it is not making art. But teasing apart how it is deriving these images might shake out serious advancements.
If you try actually doing this it will be trivial to see that this assertion is incorrect.
1. The way in which the elements of the images are integrated together is deeper than the level of style. For instance, see the image in the top row, second column: it has integrated the blue bird wings onto the man, not only simply grafting them on, but giving the appearance of their being draped on like a cloak, partly behind and partly in front of him (+ it's consistent with the man's posture and the rays of light to evoke a certain coherent cultural idea/image). You might be able to integrate multiple images (of man, bird, rays etc.) together and style transfer to arrive at a poor approximation of this—but even then, the decision to place the elements together in such a way would require creativity on your part.
2. The one example set of of trial images (generated from the phrase "expressive painting of a man shining rays of justice and transparency on a blue bird twitter logo") is one of the easiest among the full group to pick its various elements apart; if you try this thought experiment with the others in the thread, you'll see this idea is by far insufficient.
> the decision to place the elements together in such a way would require creativity on your part
I strongly suspect that's because it found similar compositions in its training set. So what exactly is going on here is fascinating.
Did it learn compositing? Is that why the image output is now much more stable? Or is it mearly finding similar artwork and competently recreating/mimicking existing compositions from different building blocks? So now we can not only transfer styles but also transfer compositions. That could be the beginning of something useful. Instead of a text prompt I'd give it my crappy doodle and it will respond with an improved/different one that is comparable (also a great way to steal tho).
And of course I picked the one that is easiest to tease apart where it is most evident so people will see what I mean.
> if you try this thought experiment with the others in the thread, you'll see this idea is by far insufficient
That depends on your imagination and your artistic eye I guess. Even if somebody could do that they certainly couldn't make you believe them. That's the accomplishment.
Neither one of us can prove it one way or the other so long as the model is a black box. And certainly so long as we don't have direct access to openai but just to curated examples.
So I reckon with "happy sisyphus" it breaks it apart into discrete vectors as a first disambiguation step and in this case resulting in two distinct queries.
Happy returns all kinds of image results.
Sisyphus returns the same kind of image results over and over.
A man rolling a boulder up a hill. Thus it can learn the concept of "sisyphus" on the fly as it would return:
man 95% boulder 90% hill 80% etc
Over a range of images.
So it must be Man+Boulder+Hill. That's its scene cue. That's what CLIP doodles initially. That's the "find me similar images step".
Happy is the style cue.
That's how "happy sisyphus" expanded into "a person carries a large ball in a mellow image in the style of a pixar cartoon"
Why specifically the Pixar style? One of several variations it tried, selected by a human.
The thing we don't know is whether the Pixar styled image is composited from the existing images in its training set. In other words whether this can be reversed.
That character looks familiar tho. I think it is plagiarizing.
Here is another observation: the boulder is not round, it reminds me of one of the Platonic solids. I don't think that's a coincidence, heh.
Yeah, weak results. None of the men look anything like Elon Musk. /s