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To me the moral of the story and that you should never ever follow instructions by an alleged bank calling you asking to confirm informations and, even worse, give them codes over the phone. Especially if you are an "expert".
The most unbelievable part is falling for the idea that if you had called back your whole account would be on hold. That was such a smoke bomb that was easily detectable.
If this seemed plausible as your dislike your bank and don't like the service why not take your business elsewhere?
From your own story, if anything, Wells Fargo prevented this from becoming a much bigger problem and acted very promptly to your request.