I have done some poking around and digging into the microsoft account lock out thing, out of curiousity- only to find it appears to be true, as i've had a LOT of test accounts banned in the past 2 months. I was trying things like setting up alternate emails, and TOTP...

I suspect burner phones are the only way to not give one's phone number, or to gamble with the microsoft authentication app, which theoretically ever since recent versions of android should not be able to pull your phone number from the hardware - theoretically. I have not tested that out yet.

There's quite a bit about this out there Here's one such thread where a lot are trying to figure out why they are being forced to give up their number https://github.com/MultiMC/Launcher/issues/4093

to my understanding, since they fully linked it- once your MS account auto locks- you can't do anything, since it's linked to Minecraft- as well as other stuff. You'd think they'd allow one to still play Minecraft- but i guess if you can't log into the account, you're out of luck