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Literally every scientific paper has sections and subsections. Aka Lists.

The problem is not the existence of structure or lists. The problem is the presentation of complex material as hierarchical short bullet points.

You can see some of Tufte’s recommendations for formatting lists here https://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=...

I don't understand what's being explained. Should people use lists alongside paragraphs?

Tufte's article probably answers your question better than a once sentence answer here can.

Has. Not "is entirely".