I don't think it has anything to do with that. It is the transmission of an IP address to US jurisdiction. Hosting a web page on github pages would have this issue too... (?)
No, because users are expected to know that visiting a webpage results in their IP address revealed. In that sense it becomes impossible to provide webpages to users if they first have to consent.
Google fonts is different, because if I'm ok with germanwebsite.de knowing my IP it does not mean that I'm also ok with Google knowing about it with the same action of clicking a link.