In, say, America or Western Europe, you'll call the cops and they'll say "uh huh okay" and you'll just have to hope they'll launch an investigation. ATM skimmers are a common problem and basically jack shit is done about them. Muggings still happen and people aren't often caught.
In poorer countries, especially ones where basic infrastructure like banking is inaccessible, often it's easier to just tell a neighbor what happened. The community will go out and "get justice" on your behalf.
I'd honestly feel much safer stealing a whole paycheck in the US than I'd feel trying to steal a dollar in Kenya. Scams are still happening, but the risk is much higher if you're caught hurting someone from your community.