Documentation on system-level details was available, with DEC’s servers and workstations (PDP, VAX, MIPS, Alpha) and the Motorola computer products (e.g., the MVME board series for 68/88k and PPC) as great examples.
The availability of documentation enabled the porting of Linux and BSD systems in the 1990s without wasting a lot of time on reverse engineering the hardware details from the original OS.