That raises the important point that the article didn't really put any effort into distinguishing.

Theres clearly "developmental" and "inherent", eye issues. My partner has a thorny case of astigmatism, you don't just develop a structural defect in the eye like that from environmental inputs, so its an established situation that some percentage of human eyeballs turn out different, it would be naive to think at least some percentage of long and short sightedness didn't also occur in this way.

But once again I'm a computer person not a medical researcher so I could be wrong and it might be well established fact that astigmatism is the only inherent defect you're born with.